O MARCO REGULATÓRIO DA PROBLEMÁTICA DOS ACIDENTES AMBIENTAIS COM DERRAMAMENTO DE PETRÓLEO NO MAR
O MARCO REGULATÓRIO DA PROBLEMÁTICA DOS ACIDENTES AMBIENTAIS COM DERRAMAMENTO DE PETRÓLEO NO MAR
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.55724220512
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Palavras-chave: Legislação ambiental, Derramamentos de petróleo, Meio ambiente, Saúde pública.
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Keywords: Environmental legislation, oil spills, Environment, Public health.
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Abstract: Over the past decades, the world has faced environmental disasters resulting from oil spills at sea. These catastrophic events have their origins in the increased consumption of oil worldwide since the mid-20th century. Consequently, due to oil exploration and explotation on offshore platforms, accidents have occurred both on the platforms themselves and in oil pipelines and tanker ships. In the early days of the oil industry, there were no international or national regulations to regulate oil transportation at sea, a matter that was only addressed after the occurrence of emblematic accidents that generated public and environmental interest. As a result, international authorities created the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC 1969). In order to comply with the civil liability rules established in this convention, the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation (ITOPF) was established in 1970. By monitoring accident reports registered by organizations like ITOPF and conducting other studies on the subject, the naval industry, oil transportation companies, countries, and international organizations were able to adopt a series of measures, legislations, and technical regulations for the prevention and mitigation of maritime accidents involving oil spills. It is notable that, despite a progressive decline in the number of accidents, they have not ceased to occur worldwide. Therefore, this chapter aims to present a study on the legal and institutional aspects, both international and national, that involve the issue of oil accidents at sea.
- Acir Alves Coelho Junior
- Therezinha Maria Novais de Oliveira