INTERVENÇÕES DE ESTILO DE VIDA NA OBESIDADE: CAMINHOS PARA REDUZIR RISCOS À SAÚDE

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.0342511096

• Palavras-chave: Obesidade; Multimorbidade; Promoção à saúde

• Keywords: Obesity; Multimorbidity; Health promotion

• Abstract: Obesity constitutes one of the major challenges to public health, with a steadily increasing prevalence across all age groups. It arises from the interaction of genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors, reflecting an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure. At the biochemical level, obesity is characterized  by  adipocyte  hypertrophy  and  a  state  of  low-grade  chronic inflammation, which contributes to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and certain types of cancer. These conditions are encompassed within Noncommunicable Diseases, which represent the leading causes of mortality worldwide. In Brazil, obesity disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, who, due to limited access to information and financial resources, often rely on inexpensive, calorie-dense processed foods, thereby exacerbating social inequalities. Primary Health Care (PHC) plays a strategic role in addressing obesity; however, it faces persistent challenges such as low adherence to treatment, stigmatization, and insufficient professional training, underscoring the need for educational strategies and comprehensive, integrated care.