Impacto de um Programa de Exercício Físico na Função Cognitiva de Idosos Institucionalizados com Demência
Impacto de um Programa de Exercício Físico na Função Cognitiva de Idosos Institucionalizados com Demência
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.2081825141014
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Palavras-chave: envelhecimento; demência; Alzheimer; exercício físico; cognição; institucionalização.
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Keywords: ageing; dementia; Alzheimer’s disease; physical exercise; cognition; institutionalisation.
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Abstract: Population ageing in Portugal represents a major public health challenge, particularly due to the rising prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured physical exercise program on the cognitive and functional performance of institutionalised older adults diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia. The investigation was carried out at a Private Social Solidarity Institution, in the north of Portugal, between March 2024 and January 2025, with a sample of 80 participants from various social care settings (Residential Home for Older Adults, Day Care Centre and Home Support Service). Participants were assessed using the Barthel Index, Lawton & Brody Scale, Tinetti Index, Manual Muscle Test and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). After a six-month intervention in an adapted gym, results showed that 51.25 % of participants achieved the goal of maintaining or increasing muscular strength; 45 % improved joint mobility; 38.75 % showed better balance and coordination; and 35 % demonstrated cognitive improvement. By the end of the program, 40 % of participants maintained their capacities, 12.5 % improved significantly and 52.5 % achieved at least one specific goal. Findings suggest that multicomponent physical exercise programs are effective in promoting autonomy and preserving cognitive and physical functions in institutionalised older adults with dementia. The study highlights the importance of implementing regular therapeutic exercise programs in Portuguese geriatric institutions to enhance quality of life and foster active and healthy ageing.
- Bruno Santos