DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL CLÁSSICA À INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL GENERATIVA: UMA ANÁLISE EVOLUTIVA

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.080112613011

• Palavras-chave: PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Inteligência Artificial, Inteligência Artificial Clássica, Aprendizado Profundo, Inteligência Artificial Generativa, Ética e Regulação da Inteligência Artificial

• Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Classical Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, Generative Artificial Intelligence, Ethics and Regulation of Artificial Intelligence

• Abstract: This article presents an evolutionary analysis of Artificial Intelligence (AI), examining its trajectory from classical paradigms grounded in symbolic systems, logical rules, and deterministic models to the contemporary emergence of deep neural networks and generative models. Initially, classical AI is discussed from a historical and conceptual perspective, highlighting its contributions, computational limitations, and reliance on explicitly formalized knowledge. Subsequently, the transition toward statistical and connectionist approaches is analysed, driven by increases in computational power, the large-scale availability of data, and the development of deep learning algorithms. The study emphasizes the emergence of generative artificial intelligence as a new paradigm, characterized by the ability to produce original content such as texts, images, code, and simulations based on large-scale probabilistic models. Beyond technological advances, the paper discusses the social, educational, and professional impacts resulting from this transformation, as well as the ethical, regulatory, and epistemological challenges associated with the growing autonomy of these systems. Finally, the article outlines directions for future research, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary approaches that reconcile technological innovation, ethical responsibility, and the critical use of artificial intelligence across different contexts.