COMPETITIVIDADE E TRANSFORMAÇÕES NA PAUTA EXPORTADORA DO BRASIL

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.3772407083

• Palavras-chave: Competitividade; Reprimarização; Pauta Exportadora; Agronegócio

• Keywords: Competitiveness; Reprimarization; Export Profile; Agribusiness

• Abstract: The export profile of a country and the factors that constitute it are of extreme importance for maintaining a favorable trade balance, especially for nations with a large volume of exports, such as Brazil. Some factors that influence the competitiveness and openness of an economy include the specialization of exported products (in Brazil, primarily primary products), infrastructure and technology, exchange rates, and government policies. The article analyzed the changes in Brazil's export profile and the importance of agribusiness in the Brazilian economy. The analysis revealed a complex dynamic with various implications over the past decades, reflecting transformations in global demand and internal aspects that affect the country's economy. The sectoral and factor intensity analysis from 2013 to 2023 showed substantial growth in primary agricultural products, from US$ 42.28 billion to US$ 86.27 billion, driven by the expansion of Brazilian agribusiness. Primary mineral products grew modestly from US$ 38.30 billion to US$ 39.71 billion, reflecting the volatility of commodity prices during the analyzed period. It is also noteworthy that primary energy products exported by Brazil increased significantly from US$ 13.02 billion to US$ 42.58 billion due to increased production and export of oil and natural gas. Another point highlighted in this research was the increase in the export of semi-manufactured agricultural products, both labor-intensive and capital-intensive, which grew from US$ 32.10 billion to US$ 48.52 billion and from US$ 19.00 billion to US$ 26.22 billion, respectively.