Burnout em Profissionais da Saúde: Fatores Associados e Estratégias de Enfrentamento – Revisão Integrativa
Burnout em Profissionais da Saúde: Fatores Associados e Estratégias de Enfrentamento – Revisão Integrativa
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.208182514105
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Palavras-chave: Burnout; profissionais da saúde; saúde ocupacional; estratégias de enfrentamento; revisão integrativa.
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Keywords: Burnout; health professionals; occupational health; coping strategies; integrative review.
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Abstract: Burnout syndrome is a psychological disorder related to the work environment, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low professional fulfillment, frequently observed in healthcare professionals. This study aimed to analyze, through an integrative literature review, the main factors associated with burnout and the coping strategies used in the last five years. The search was conducted in the SciELO and BVS databases, resulting in 27 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The data were organized into tables and graphs, allowing for thematic analysis. The most common factors associated with burnout were: work overload, precarious working conditions, lack of institutional support, interpersonal conflicts, low autonomy, workplace violence, and occupational loneliness. Nursing professionals were the most frequently investigated, followed by physicians, psychologists, and multidisciplinary teams. Effective coping strategies included psychological support, mindfulness, reorganization of the work environment, promotion of resilience, integrative practices, and strengthening of interpersonal bonds. Individual interventions, such as psychotherapy, mindful breathing, and religiosity, also demonstrated positive impacts. The findings reinforce the need for institutional policies that promote healthy work environments and professional appreciation. It is concluded that burnout is multifactorial, with significant effects on workers' health and the quality of care provided to the population. This integrative review contributes to systematizing existing knowledge and providing support for more humane and sustainable health interventions.
- Gabriela Borba Freire
- Glaucielen Gomes da Silva
- Daniela Soares Leite