ADAPTAÇÃO CLIMÁTICA E SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA UM FUTURO SUSTENTÁVEL

• Palavras-chave: Segurança Alimentar; mudanças climáticas; fome; agroecologia.

• Keywords: Food Security; climate change; hunger; agroecology.

• Abstract: This chapter addresses the complex interconnections between climate change and food security, recognizing them as one of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century. It begins by contextualizing food security according to FAO's definition, immediately linking it to the escalating threat posed by climate change, which intensifies hunger and nutritional insecurity worldwide. The central research problem lies in how the climate crisis compromises the capacity of food systems to produce, distribute, and ensure access to nutritious food, disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable populations. The study details the multifaceted impacts of climate change, including the destruction of agricultural production by extreme events, heightened vulnerability in specific regions, and threats to biodiversity, marine ecosystems, pollination, and the proliferation of pests and diseases, all of which elevate costs and destabilize value chains. Social consequences, such as forced displacement of communities and gender inequalities in impact, are also analyzed. In response to this critical scenario, the chapter explores a wide range of adaptation and mitigation strategies. These encompass innovations and practices for resilient food systems (sustainable and precision agriculture, agroecology, biotechnology, alternative food sources, and the circular economy), the need for robust public policies, institutional strengthening, and international cooperation. Finally, it discusses persistent challenges to the effective implementation of these solutions, such as funding scarcity, political inequalities, and resistance to innovation, underscoring the urgent need for effective governance, local action