TWO-YEAR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF EQUINE INFECTIOUS ANEMIA IN AN INSTITUTIONAL HORSE STABLES IN CHIAPAS, MEXICO

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8135425100714

• Palavras-chave: Equine Infectious Anemia, cumulative incidence, epidemiological surveillance, horses.

• Keywords: Equine Infectious Anemia, cumulative incidence, epidemiological surveillance, horses.

• Abstract:

  The horse (Equus caballus L.) is of particular importance due to its economic, social, and
  cultural value to institutions, associations, and agricultural lands in Mexico. Over a period
  of two years, an observational study was conducted at the Llano San Juan de Ocozocoautla
  de Espinosa Cavalry in Chiapas, with the aim of identifying the incidence of Equine
  Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) through serological laboratory tests. Initially, 90 horses
  owned by the state government and used in public safety activities were evaluated. Two
  laboratory diagnostic tests were used: one ELISA and one agar gel immunodiffusion. In the
  first year, three seropositive animals were identified, and in the second year, two more; in
  both cases, they were removed in accordance with the established health protocol. Based on
  the results, the cumulative incidence during the period was 5.56%, reflecting a downward
  trend in the presentation of new cases. Specifically, in the first year, a cumulative incidence
  of 3.3% was recorded, and in the second year, 2.3%, showing a downward epidemiological
  trend. These findings suggest that the control and biosecurity measures applied in the unit
  have been effective in limiting the spread of the virus and maintaining a stable health status.
  It is concluded that epidemiological surveillance, timely diagnosis, and the elimination of
  positive animals are essential tools for the prevention and control of the disease in
  institutionally managed equine populations, highlighting that these actions are in line with
  national technical recommendations aimed at consolidating the downward trend of the
  disease in the central region of the state of Chiapas, Mexico.