Efeitos da reabilitação Fisioterapêutica em pacientes após revascularização miocárdica: Uma revisão integrativa.
Efeitos da reabilitação Fisioterapêutica em pacientes após revascularização miocárdica: Uma revisão integrativa.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.820811125181115
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Palavras-chave: Revascularização miocárdica; Fisioterapia; Reabilitação cardíaca; Função pulmonar; Exercícios terapêuticos.
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Keywords: Myocardial revascularization; Physiotherapy; Cardiac rehabilitation; Pulmonary function; Therapeutic exercises.
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Abstract: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a vital procedure to restore blood flow to the heart muscle in cases of coronary obstruction. Using grafts (such as the saphenous vein or mammary artery), the goal is to divert blood flow from blocked areas, promoting perfusion and improving myocardial oxygenation, resulting in reduced angina symptoms and a lower risk of ischemic events. Recent advances have brought less invasive techniques that help reduce recovery time and postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE: TTo analyze the effects of physiotherapy exercises on the clinical recovery of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative literature review conducted between October and November 2025 in the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and BVS databases. Articles published between 2021 and 2025, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, addressing the role of physiotherapy in the postoperative period of CABG were included. Duplicate studies prior to 2021 that did not directly address the topic were included. The research was structured according to the PICO method (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome). Results: Ten studies were selected that demonstrated the benefits of physiotherapy after CABG. The results showed that exercise-based rehabilitation promoted significant improvement in functional capacity, increased peak oxygen consumption (VO₂ peak), and reduced pulmonary complications. Interventions such as inspiratory muscle training and early mobilization reduced hospital stay and favored functional recovery. Recent studies have also highlighted the positive impact of interval training programs and functional electrical stimulation on improving muscle strength and quality of life. Early and supervised protocols were observed to be more effective in cardiovascular rehabilitation. CONCLUSION: Physiotherapy is essential in rehabilitation after myocardial revascularization, as it improves pulmonary function, functional capacity, and quality of life. Early intervention reduces complications, accelerates recovery, and promotes better clinical outcomes, highlighting the importance of evidence-based physiotherapy protocols in the postoperative period.
- Wadna Luisa do Monte Saturnino
- Maythala Brenda Leite Aguiar
- Geísa de Morais Santana
- Emerson Portela Sena