VIGILÂNCIA DAS ANEMIAS NO BRASIL E A IMPORTÂNCIA DA IDENTIFICAÇÃO, MONITORAMENTO E ABORDAGENS DE PREVENÇÃO, MANEJO E CONTROLE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
VIGILÂNCIA DAS ANEMIAS NO BRASIL E A IMPORTÂNCIA DA IDENTIFICAÇÃO, MONITORAMENTO E ABORDAGENS DE PREVENÇÃO, MANEJO E CONTROLE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.56424170512
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Palavras-chave: Anemia; Hemoglobinopatias; Inquéritos Epidemiológicos; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Brasil.
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Keywords: Anemia; Hemoglobinopathies; Health Surveys; Primary Health Care; Brazil.
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Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Anemia is characterized by a reduction in red blood cell count, hemoglobin (Hb), or hematocrit (HCT) and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It is one of the most common clinical conditions worldwide and is highly prevalent in the clinical practice of Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals. In the Brazilian context, PHC, as the coordinator of care and gateway to the Unified Health System (SUS), contributes to the surveillance, prevention, detection, and management of people with anemia. OBJECTIVE: To review scientific productions and official publications on anemia surveillance in Brazil and the importance of identification, monitoring, and approaches to prevention, management, and control in PHC. METHODS: Narrative literature review. PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online, federal legislation, public policies, technical notes, protocols, and ordinances of the Ministry of Health were used as databases. RESULTS: 29 publications were identified. Evidence highlights gaps in anemia detection, especially in the screening of hemoglobinopathies and surveillance of nutritional deficiencies. Deficits in knowledge about laboratory test interpretation and clinical signs affect nursing practice, leading to unnecessary referrals. Iron supplementation goals in children and pregnant women are not being met. CONCLUSIONS: Anemias are frequent in PHC, emphasizing the importance of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) team, especially nurses on prevention, identification and management of cases. Increasing the debate on the topic within the Executive and Legislative branches is essential for formulating public policies to combat anemia in Brazil.
- ANA CAROLINA MICHELETTI GOMIDE NOGUEIRA DE SÁ
- Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá
- Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da Silva
- Bárbara Aguiar Carrato
- Francielle Thalita Almeida
- Luis Henrique Prado Carneiro
- Alexandra Moreira Dias
- Guilherme Fonseca Graciano
- Maíra Helena Micheletti Gomide
- Rafaela Siqueira Costa Schreck
- Elton Junio Sady Prates
- Antonio Tolentino Nogueira de Sá
- Deborah Carvalho Malta