Uso de pó de rocha no Sistema de Plantio Direto de Hortaliças: impactos nos atributos químicos do solo e na produtividade de brócolis e couve-flor
Uso de pó de rocha no Sistema de Plantio Direto de Hortaliças: impactos nos atributos químicos do solo e na produtividade de brócolis e couve-flor
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.526172513117
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Palavras-chave: Remineralizador de solo, olivina melilitito, rochagem, Brassica oleracea
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Keywords: Remineralizer of only, olivine melilitito, rockrolling, Brassica oleracea
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Abstract: The use of rock dust has been investigated as an alternative strategy for the remineralization of agricultural soils, especially in conservation systems such as the No-Tillage System for Vegetables (SPDH). In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of melilitite olivine rock dust in nutrient availability, soil chemical attributes, and the productivity of broccoli and cauliflower crops under SPDH. The experiment was conducted on a rural property in the municipality of Angelina, Santa Catarina, in an area with a nine-year history of vegetable cultivation under SPDH, over three cropping cycles, in rotation with cover crops. The treatments consisted of different doses of melilitite olivine rock dust (0, 5, 10, and 20 Mg ha⁻¹), in addition to a conventional mineral fertilization treatment with NPK. The rock dust was applied at the beginning of each cropping cycle, at the time of transplanting the seedlings. To evaluate the effects of the management on the soil, samples were collected from the 0–10 and 10–20 cm layers, where pH in H₂O, Al³⁺, H+Al, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, and P contents were determined, as well as the cation exchange capacity at pH 7.0 and base saturation. Crop productivity was determined from the harvest of plants with formed inflorescences. Application of the rock dust promoted gradual changes in soil chemical attributes throughout the cropping cycles, with greater expression in the superficial layer. A significant increase in soil pH in the 0–10 cm layer was observed in all three cycles, especially in the treatments with intermediate and high doses, with the highest values recorded in the third cycle. Calcium content differed among treatments, mainly in the 10–20 cm layer, indicating gradual nutrient movement within the soil profile. Phosphorus showed significant differences among treatments in the 0–10 cm layer during the second and third cycles, while potassium content varied only in the third cycle, also in the surface layer. Overall, the results indicate that nutrient release from the rock dust occurs slowly and progressively, being more evident with continuous use over time. Despite the improvements observed in some soil chemical attributes, no significant differences were found in broccoli and cauliflower productivity among the evaluated treatments, including those with rock dust and mineral fertilization. These findings suggest that, under the evaluated management conditions, the effects of rock dust on crop productivity do not manifest in the short to medium term. It is concluded that melilitite olivine rock dust has the potential to contribute to the improvement of soil chemical fertility in SPDH, and long-term assessments with multiple cycles and continuous cultivation of the same crop are recommended to better understand its effects in Brazilian conservation agricultural systems.
- Luis Fernando Knoth
- Bruna da Rosa Dutra
- Mirella Montibeller
- Flora Wenderosck Senna de Oliveira
- Josué Klein Schmitt
- Christiane Fernandes de Oliveira
- Eduardo Ribeiro Nazarian
- Maria Rafaella Junger Wollmann
- Juliano Galina
- Cledimar Rogério Lourenzi