UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA: A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO AUXÍLIO DIAGNOSTICO DE ARRITMIAS ATRAVÉS DO ECG
UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA: A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO AUXÍLIO DIAGNOSTICO DE ARRITMIAS ATRAVÉS DO ECG
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.38125160117
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Palavras-chave: Inteligência Artificial; Diagnostico; Arritmia; Cardiologia.
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Keywords: Artificial Intelligence", "Diagnostic", "Arrhythmia" e "Cardiology"
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Abstract: Abstract Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for innovative approaches to early detection and accurate diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool, providing rapid and accurate analysis of large data sets, supporting healthcare professionals in clinical decision-making. This study aims to analyze recent advances in AI-based arrhythmia diagnostics using electrocardiogram (ECG) data, through a retrospective and cross-sectional integrative literature review. A structured search in PubMed and the Virtual Health Library (VHL) yielded a final sample of 36 articles. The results indicate significant progress in deep learning models and hybrid approaches, which combine real-time ECG data with clinical parameters, achieving high diagnostic accuracy in the detection of complex arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation and Brugada Syndrome. Studies demonstrate that AI models, particularly convolutional neural networks, offer high sensitivity and specificity in ECG analysis. Although methodological heterogeneity and data limitations hamper clinical applicability, interpretability and transparency challenges further limit broader clinical application, highlighting the need for standardized methodologies, larger, more heterogeneous datasets, and easier-to-deploy models. Short-term monitoring tools such as 2-hour Holter devices show promise for efficient arrhythmia detection, while multimodal approaches that integrate clinical data improve predictive accuracy. Despite these advances, external validation and diverse population testing remain essential. Ethical considerations, including patient privacy and responsible use of AI, are essential to support sustainable integration in cardiology. While AI models provide promising tools for arrhythmia diagnostics, the transition from research to clinical practice requires a balanced approach that aligns innovation with clinical and ethical responsibility.
- Fernanda Celente Amorim
- Gabriela Ferreira Barbosa
- Diego Pena Desterro e Silva