TROMBOPROFILAXIA EM PACIENTES CLÍNICOS HOSPITALIZADOS EM INSTITUIÇÃO PÚBLICA EM BELO HORIZONTE
TROMBOPROFILAXIA EM PACIENTES CLÍNICOS HOSPITALIZADOS EM INSTITUIÇÃO PÚBLICA EM BELO HORIZONTE
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DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.13223051215
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Palavras-chave: Tromboembolismo Venoso, Profilaxia, Pacientes Clínicos Hospitalizados, Modelo de Avaliação de Risco (RAM IMPROVE7), Tromboprofilaxia.
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Keywords: Venous thromboembolism, Prophylaxis, Hospitalized Medical Patients, Risk Assessment Model (RAM IMPROVE7), Thromboprophylaxis.
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Abstract: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the main preventable cause of hospital death. Thromboprophylaxis using anticoagulants is indicated for high-risk hospitalized patients, and this risk can be measured using clinical probability models such as IMPROVE7 (International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism). Objective: To evaluate thromboprophylaxis in patients admitted to a public hospital. Method: Brazilian observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study with retrospective data collection, nested in a cohort study, involving 2380 hospitalized adult medical patients admitted to the Hospital Governador Israel Pinheiro (HGIP), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Results: The sample studied was predominantly women (56.2%; 1337/2380), with a median age of 70 years and majority of elderly (IQ 56 - 80 years) and classified with low VTE risk (81%). The mean age of high risk patients was 72.3 years and low risk was 65.9 years (p<0.05). The high risk patients who received thromboprophylaxis were 68.8% (311/452), and 38.7% (175/452) received within 24 hours after hospitalization. It was observed that 62.2% of the low risk patients received thromboprophylaxis without recommendation. The enoxaparin drug (HBPM) and non-fractionated heparin (HNF) were used in 38.5% (174/452) and 30.3% (137/452) of the patients, respectively. Among the high-risk patients, 31% (138/452) performed thromboprophylaxis from 76 to 100% during hospitalization. Conclusion: Despite the knowledge of the importance of the use of prophylaxis for the patient's safety, it still remains underused in high risk patients and administered, without indication, in low risk patients. More studies are needed to understand the hospital scenario, establish protocols and involve the pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team to optimize the use of thromboprophylaxis. It is fundamental to promote educational actions and permanent evaluation in order to subsidize improvements in the assistance process.
- Francisco Diniz Silveira
- Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins
- Cássia Rodrigues Lima Ferreira
- Marcus Fernando da Silva Praxedes