Therapeutic Advances in Multiple Myeloma: A Comprehensive Review of Conventional and Innovative Treatments

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.5872316107

• Palavras-chave: Mieloma múltiplo, terapias convencionais, terapias avançadas, inibidores de proteassoma, imunomoduladores, terapia celular, heterogeneidade da resposta.

• Keywords: Multiple Myeloma, Conventional Therapies, Advanced Therapies, Proteasome Inhibitors, Immunomodulatory Agents, Cell Therapy, Response Heterogeneity.

• Abstract: The management of multiple myeloma has historically been challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease and the limited efficacy of conventional therapies. This article offers a comprehensive and updated review of recent advances in the therapeutic field of multiple myeloma. We cover a broad spectrum of treatment options, from conventional therapies such as chemotherapy to recent innovations, including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents. Additionally, we discuss the potential of emerging therapies, such as CAR-T cells, particularly in cases of refractory or recurrent multiple myeloma. The primary focus is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these therapeutic approaches, as well as to explore the inherent heterogeneity in treatment response among patients.