THE HEART OF HUMANS AND DOMESTIC SWINE: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH - A LITERATURE REVIEW

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.6942309018

• Palavras-chave: ---

• Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Acute myocardial infarction, Swine Model.

• Abstract:

  The swine model has been used since the mid-1980s, due to biological similarity with human species mainly when it comes to the cardiovascular system. The choice of a species for scientific experimentation is crucial, with no intention of offering greater practicality and veracity in the results. Thus, this model is considered to be the best about its morphophysiology. Both in humans and swine, there are two patterns of cardiac arterial distribution: in the first, a left coronary artery reaches the coronary sulcus by bifurcating into an anterior interventricular branch and in the left circumflex artery; the second pattern consists on a trifurcation in the coronary artery, giving rise to the anterior intermediate and interventricular branches. This information suggests that the heart may be an ideal model for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Since cardiovascular diseases are responsible for the most significant number of deaths worldwide, AMI occurs when a coronary artery is obstructed, interrupting the use of oxygen in the cardiac tissue, being irreversible when not diagnosed early. In this context, the porcine model is used to evaluate and validate the techniques. In the future, it is expected to apply these techniques to humans. Information on comparative cardiac vascularity was addressed, supporting data for studies with acute myocardial infarction.