SÍNDROME METABÓLICA: UMA EPIDEMIA GLOBAL

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.58723161011

• Palavras-chave: Síndrome metabólica; Obesidade; Sedentarismo.

• Keywords: Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Sedentary lifestyle.

• Abstract: Metabolic syndrome, also known as syndrome X, is defined by the WHO as a pathological condition characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Recent results in patients with metabolic syndrome support the conduct regarding dietary plan and physical exercise as a non-drug treatment for MS. The objective of this work was to address metabolic syndrome and the types of treatments. METHODOLOGY: This is a literature review, of a narrative type, which aims to describe the characteristics of the metabolic syndeoma, from a theoretical point of view, through materials that have already been published on the topic in question, through analysis and interpretation of the literature . The inclusion criteria were: articles in Portuguese and English; published between 2018 and 2023 and which addressed the themes proposed for this research, studies of this type made available in full. After the selection criteria, 6 articles remained that were subjected to thorough reading for data collection. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: This study aimed to analyze non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that have become the main cause of morbidity and mortality not only in the developed world but also in underdeveloped countries. Metabolic syndrome (MS), also known as syndrome X in the literature, is not actually a single disease, but a constellation of cardiovascular disease risk. factors and has been defined slightly differently by various organizations. According to the World Health Organization, the most important risk factors for morbidity and mortality related to chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are: systemic arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, insufficient intake of fruits, vegetables and legumes, overweight or obesity, inactivity physical and smoking. Adopting a healthy eating plan is essential in treating metabolic syndrome. It must be individualized and provide for a sustainable weight reduction of 5% to 10% of initial body weight. CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome is a complex pathophysiological state that originates mainly from an imbalance in calorie intake and energy expenditure, but also affected by genetic/epigenetic factors, individual composition, predominance of a sedentary lifestyle over physical activity and other factors. Carrying out a diet plan to reduce weight, associated with physical exercise, are considered first-choice therapies for the treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome. Adopting a balanced diet is one of the main measures to be recommended in individuals with metabolic syndrome, individualized to each patient's needs. Educational programs that address preventive measures in schools, clubs, companies and communities can also contribute to the prevention of MS.