Síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada: Mecanismos Autoimunes e Implicações na Prática Clínica

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.524112505037

• Palavras-chave: “Síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada”, “uveíte autoimune”, “tratamento imunossupressor”, “terapias biológicas” e “fisiopatologia da SVKH”.

• Keywords: “Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome”, “autoimmune uveitis”, “immunosuppressive treatment”, “biological therapies” and “pathophysiology of SVKH”.

• Abstract: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKHS) is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory condition that mainly affects melanin-rich tissues, such as the eyes, central nervous system, epidermis and inner ear. Its pathophysiology is associated with an exacerbated immune response against melanocytes, triggering a prolonged inflammatory process that can result in irreversible damage, especially in the ocular system. The therapeutic approach to VKHS requires early and effective intervention, with systemic glucocorticoids being the main initial option, often combined with immunosuppressants and biological agents in refractory cases. The present study explores the immunopathogenic mechanisms underlying the disease, its clinical manifestations and available therapeutic methods, in addition to discussing promising new approaches, such as the use of biomarkers, cell therapy and nanotechnology to improve treatment efficacy.