Síndrome de Guillain-Barré pós-Covid-19: uma revisão de literatura
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré pós-Covid-19: uma revisão de literatura
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.03124170519
-
Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Guillain-Barré; COVID-19; manifestações neurológicas.
-
Keywords: Guillain-Barré Syndrome; COVID-19; neurological manifestations.
-
Abstract: Objectives: Understand the correlation of GBS as a post-COVID-19 neurological complication, as well as mention the clinical presentations and elucidate the possible related mechanisms. Methods: A retrospective literary review was carried out in the SCOPUS, MEDLINE/PubMed and Scielo databases, using the following descriptors in Portuguese: “Síndrome de Guillain-Barré”, “Pós-COVID-19” and “Distúrbios Neurológicos”. Fifty-one articles were located, of which, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight articles were included for analysis. Results: Two possible pathophysiological mechanisms are cited in the genesis of GBS: 1) A dysregulated immune response, due to intense viral proliferation, causes the constant release of cytokines (cytokine storm) by innate and humoral immunity cells, which leads to damage neural tissue, including the blood-brain barrier. 2) The production of antibodies against surface binding glycoproteins, present in SARS-CoV-2, can induce cross-reactivity in antigens present in peripheral nerves, which have similar proteins, through molecular mimicry. In the classic clinical presentation of GBS, the following can be highlighted: progressive, ascending and symmetrical paralysis of the limbs, areflexia, fatigue, myalgia, headache and paresthesia. Final Considerations: According to the above, the two possible pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the neurological damage of COVID-19 are: dysregulated inflammatory response and antibody-mediated injury. Thus, it can be considered that SARS-CoV-2 infection can trigger autoimmune syndromes such as, in the selected literature review, GBS.
- Adriano José Rêgo Barbosa
- Adriel Rêgo Barbosa
- Lauro Vinícius Evangelista Ferreira Soares
- Caroline de Caldas Pereira Bona