SIGMUND FREUD ENTRE A HISTÓRIA E A METAPSICOLOGIA: VIDA, OBRA E RUPTURA EPISTEMOLÓGICA.
SIGMUND FREUD ENTRE A HISTÓRIA E A METAPSICOLOGIA: VIDA, OBRA E RUPTURA EPISTEMOLÓGICA.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.861112623012
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Palavras-chave: Psicanálise; Sigmund Freud; Metapsicologia; Positivismo.
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Keywords: Psychoanalysis; Sigmund Freud; Metapsychology; Positivism.
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Abstract: Sigmund Freud was a man of profound questions. His pursuit of knowledge led him to enter medical school in Vienna, where he dedicated himself to neurology. He lived through the anxieties and conflicts of his time, shaped by world events and transformations: the two World Wars, anti-Semitic sentiment, clericalism, and liberalism, as well as the Nazi persecution of Jews. These influences molded the psychoanalyst who gazes upon the face of Moses, contemplating therein his Jewish roots and the guilt that inaugurates Judeo-Christian society. Freud is a man traversed by history who cannot be separated from the psychoanalyst. Thus, this article presents an overview of Freud's life, his break with neurology, as well as theepistemological foundations of psychoanalysis and the emergence of metapsychology. It demonstrates that the discovery of the drive (Trieb) and the unconscious reinserts complexity into the core of the human being, overcoming the social predictability sought by positivism. Starting from the premise that Freud is an heir to the Enlightenment, the study discusses how his theory challenges the scientific naturalism and liberal individualism of the 19th century.
- Luana de Mendonça Fernandes
- Felipe Luiz Mendonça