Shale gas no Brasil: dilemas entre transição energética, justiça socioambiental e direitos das comunidades.
Shale gas no Brasil: dilemas entre transição energética, justiça socioambiental e direitos das comunidades.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.185112624026
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Palavras-chave: Gás de folhelho. Fraturamento hidráulico. Justiça socioambiental. Transição energética justa. Direitos das comunidades
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Keywords: Shale gas. Fracking. Socio-environmental justice. Just energy transition. Community rights.
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Abstract: The expansion of shale gas in Brazil has been promoted as a pathway to energy security and economic development. Yet beneath this technical narrative lies a set of deep‑seated tensions that cut across vulnerable territories, marginalized communities, and longstanding structures of socio-environmental inequality. This article offers a critical examination of how the exploitation of unconventional gas resources such as shale gas enabled by hydraulic fracturing reconfigures power relations and challenges core principles of socio-environmental justice in the country. Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, document analysis, and 16 semi‑structured interviews with experts, the study uncovers convergent concerns regarding severe water risks, weak community participation, institutional capture, and the potential rollback of Brazil’s energy transition. The findings demonstrate that, in the absence of robust participatory governance and guarantees of free, prior, and informed consent, the expansion of shale gas is likely to reproduce and potentially intensify historical patterns of exclusion. Ultimately, the study shows that the dispute surrounding shale gas is not merely technological; it is political, territorial, and deeply unequal.
- Andrea dos Santos Gomes
- Luiz Eduardo Pizarro Borges
- Paula Fernanda Varandas Ferreira
- Patrícia Fernandes de Oliveira Santos