Riscos e impactos na saúde pública acerca da epidemia de EVALI

• DOI: .

• Palavras-chave: EVALI, Cigarros eletrônicos, Lesão pulmonar.

• Keywords: EVALI, Electronic cigarettes, Lung damage.

• Abstract: Objective: To assess the risk factors, public health impacts, and social implications of the EVALI epidemic (E-cigarette or Vaping product use-Associated Lung Injury) in a multidisciplinary manner. Literature review: Electronic Smoking Devices (ESDs) emerged as an alternative to traditional smoking but have contributed to an increase in nicotine users — particularly among youth — and resulted in a high number of EVALI cases, a severe lung disease. The pathophysiology of EVALI involves pulmonary inflammation caused by inhaling toxic substances found in vaping liquids, such as vitamin E acetate. The epidemic has had significant public health impacts, including hospitalizations and deaths. Treatment includes corticosteroids and ventilatory support, but challenges persist, such as the lack of consistent epidemiological data and barriers to early diagnosis. Multidisciplinary approaches are essential to combat the epidemic. Final considerations: The EVALI epidemic poses significant risks to public health, as well as substantial economic impacts due to the care of affected individuals. Stricter regulations and effective educational strategies are recommended to raise awareness about the risks. Promoting longitudinal research to monitor long-term effects and develop effective public health interventions is essential.