Resistencia del VIH-1 a fármacos antirretrovirales en pacientes adultos con fallo virológico. Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala
Resistencia del VIH-1 a fármacos antirretrovirales en pacientes adultos con fallo virológico. Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.4652427053
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Palavras-chave: VIH-1, fallo virológico, antirretrovirales, farmacorresistencia.
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Keywords: HIV-1, virological failure, antiretrovirals, drug resistance.
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Abstract: Describe the levels of drug resistance among adult HIV-1 patients with virological failure. Methodology. A total of 276 records of HIV-positive adult patients were analyzed, 160 were in first virological failure and 116 were in multiple failure. All of them underwent genotype testing during 2018 and 2020. The analysis was performed in DeepChek® v2.0.x software, and the Stanford HIVdb algorithm (v9.4 - 12/17/2022) was used to classify the resistance. Results. Overall resistance to any antiretroviral treatment (ART) family was 78.3% (95%CI 72.9 - 83.0%). Higher resistance to the NNRTI family was observed, mainly NVP (90.5%, 73.4%) and EFV (89.8%, 67.1%) in first failure and multiple failure patients, respectively. For NRTI there was resistance to FTC/3TC of 77.4%, and 57.0%, in each failure group. Resistance to PI was less than 2.0% in first failure patients and to 3.0% in multiple failure patients. The most frequently found mutations were M184V/I (49.1%, 16.3%), K103N/R (43.1%, 15.2%) and V82A (1.4%, 1.9%) in first ART failure and multiple failure, respectively. Additionally, 29.0% (9/31) of INSTI resistance was found in patients with multiple failure and CXCR4 and Dual/Mixed tropisms were identified in 47.6% (10/21). Conclusion. The high resistance to ART in patients with virologic failure demonstrates the necessity to implement/intensify and monitor actions to promptly identify failure in order to guide timely and cost-effective pharmacological interventions.
- Jessenia Sabrina Navas Castillo
- Maria Cristina Quintana Galindo
- Nydia Anaidé Orózco Morán
- Mircea Lisbeth Romero Trujillo
- Corilia Sucely García Porres
- Julio Alberto Paxtor Caté
- Carmen Sofia Alvarado León
- Verónica Lucía Patzán Guamuch
- Rodolfo Pinzón Meza
- Ana Johanna Samayoa Bran