REFERENTES DE LA EDUCACIÓN, UNA APROXIMACIÓN I (Conductismo y sus principales exponentes)

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.293122508042

• Palavras-chave: '

• Keywords: '

• Abstract: This chapter brings together a variety of approaches that share a comprehensive, contextual, and transformative view of education. It begins with humanism, represented by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, who place the student at the center of the educational process, highlighting the importance of emotional well-being, self-actualization, and teacher empathy. In the sociocultural and ecological perspectives, the theories of Albert Bandura and Urie Bronfenbrenner are discussed, emphasizing the influence of the environment, social interaction, and the systems surrounding the individual in their development and learning. The chapter continues with Howard Gardner’s proposal and his theory of multiple intelligences, which challenges the one-dimensional view of talent and promotes teaching that values the diversity of skills and learning styles. Finally, the chapter explores the contributions of critical pedagogy and social approaches, through thinkers such as Paulo Freire, Michael Apple, Donaldo Macedo, Peter McLaren, and Henry Giroux, as well as historical figures like Concepción Arenal, María de Maeztu Whitney, and Gabriela Mistral. These perspectives advocate for an education aimed at social transformation, equity, and justice.