RECICLAGEM DE LIXO E BIOSSEGURANÇA: UMA COMPARAÇÃO BRASIL – PERU

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.798112521038

• Palavras-chave: resíduos sólidos; biossegurança; saúde do trabalhador; catadores; políticas públicas; Brasil; Peru

• Keywords: solid waste; biosafety; occupational health; waste pickers; public policy; Brazil; Peru

• Abstract: Solid waste management and biosafety are central pillars for promoting environmental and occupational health, particularly among waste pickers and recyclable material collectors. This study compares the legal frameworks, the implementation of public policies, and the impacts on workers’ health in Brazil and Peru, with emphasis on the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and the challenges posed by informal labor conditions. In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Policy and Regulatory Norms ensure workers’ rights and promote the productive inclusion of waste pickers. In Peru, legislation such as Legislative Decree No. 1278 and municipal ordinances reflect progress toward a circular economy, although issues with governance and infrastructure persist. Data reveal high levels of worker exposure to biological, chemical, physical, and psychosocial risks, with notable prevalence of parasitic infections, dermatological conditions, physical trauma, and chronic diseases, especially in northeastern Brazil. The case of Machu Picchu is highlighted as a model of sustainability and circular economy, achieving a recycling rate of over 90%. The study concludes that, despite having robust legal frameworks, both countries face persistent challenges in policy enforcement and monitoring, particularly within informal sectors. The findings underscore the need for intersectoral strategies, strengthened cooperatives, enhanced occupational health and safety training, and improved access to public services as essential pillars to ensure dignity, inclusion, and environmental sustainability.