Problemas de diagnóstico e tratamento correto em casos de mastite: ocorrência de resistência de antibióticos.

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.9482316115

• Palavras-chave: Processo inflamatório, antibiograma, sinais clínicos.

• Keywords: Inflammatory process, antibiogram, clinical signs.

• Abstract: Many diseases affect the Brazilian dairy herd, with emphasis on the inflammatory process of the mammary gland, known as bovine mastitis, usually resulting from an infectious process, which can present in two clinical forms, namely clinical mastitis or subclinical mastitis. The form that is most easily identified by the producer is the clinical form, characterized by visual signs, which can be in the milk (lumps, clots, blood, pus, watery milk) or systemic conditions (fever, anorexia, dehydration). On the other hand, the subclinical form ends up going unnoticed, due to the absence of clinical signs, however, the damage caused is greater, with reduced production in the affected mammary quarter and loss of milk quality. Due to the difficulty of identification, some methods must be adhered to, including somatic cell analysis (CCS>200,000 cells/ml.) and tests such as the California mastitis test (CMT). Mastitis causes about 70% of production losses within properties, and its control is essential. Unfortunately, the exacerbated and erroneous use of antibiotics has been causing problems of resistance of several bacterial strains, in addition to the remaining residue in milk, leading to long periods of disposal. For a correct control within the properties, some methods must be adhered to, for example, the microbial culture that becomes a key point in the diagnosis, naming the etiological agent it is possible to designate a correct treatment with the aid of an antibiogram. Aiming to assist producers in controlling and preventing mastitis within the properties, this project was developed to seek alternatives, methods of control, and treatment of mastitis in some properties. Informing producers about the misuse and exacerbation of antibiotics and the problems that this can cause, thus helping to reduce the incidence of mastitis on the property. In this way, a project composed of two phases (phase I and phase II) was developed. Phase I was the presentation of the project, along with a lecture to raise awareness of mastitis prevention, identification, and control methods. This was developed in the community of Caravaggio, Vitorino-PR, and was attended by 20 local producers, however, the project was limited to 150 animals. Therefore, several properties were selected according to the number of animals and the producer's acceptance, where the milking was followed by performing the black bottom mug test and the CMT test. Thus, in the positive cases obtained through the tests, the milk was collected and sent to the laboratory for bacterial culture and antibiogram. Orientation of milking lines, and use of pre and post-dipping, among others, was carried out on the property. In phase II, consisting of the laboratory part, the culture and antibiogram tests were carried out. After obtaining results, devolution was carried out with the producers. Thus, the result obtained aims to make producers aware that an adequate analysis of the type of agent and which antibiotic to use can result in more gain, better animal welfare, and healthier food for the population.