PRINCIPAIS ASPECTOS DA BUBALINOCULTURA NO BRASIL

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.811112520031

• Palavras-chave: búfalos; manejo nutricional; raças bubalinas; reprodução.

• Keywords: buffaloes; nutritional management; buffalo breeds; reproduction.

• Abstract: Buffalo farming has been expanding in Brazil, with a significant herd. Four main breeds are recognized in the country: Carabao, Murrah, Mediterranean and Jafarabadi, all focused-on meat and milk production. Thus, this study aims to present a literature review on the current aspects of the buffalo production chain in Brazil, addressing the characteristics of the breeds, nutritional management, reproduction techniques, economic and environmental aspects, challenges and perspectives of the sector. Despite its late introduction in the country and lack of consumer awareness, buffalo farming is growing, driven by the demand for food and the search for sustainable systems. Its adaptability and hardiness make the species a profitable alternative in livestock farming, despite the environmental impacts associated with its extensive production. In terms of reproduction, the estrous activity of buffaloes can vary depending on the geographic region, as it is affected by climate, genetics and/or nutritional management, with the reproductive biotechnology used being significant for the efficiency of the process. One of the major challenges is the effective search for organization and the development of actions that intensify the marketing of meat and milk derivatives. Thus, it is notable that buffalo farming contributes to Brazilian livestock farming and socioeconomic development. However, for its sustainable growth, it is essential to adopt practices that reduce environmental impacts and increase product acceptance.