Pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica: Uma revisão de conceitos

• DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.60023171014

• Palavras-chave: Infecção pulmonar, patógenos resistentes e ventilação mecânica prolongada.

• Keywords: Pulmonary infection. Resistant pathogens. Prolonged mechanical ventilation.

• Abstract: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a type of lung infection that occurs 48-72 hours after endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. It is a subset of hospital-acquired pneumonia and often involves more resistant pathogens and worse outcomes than other types of hospital-acquired pneumonia. The most common cause of VAP is microaspiration of bacteria that colonize the oropharynx and upper respiratory tract in critically ill patients. Prevention and treatment of VAP include oral hygiene, drainage of subglottic secretion and early mobilization. Risk factors for VAP include prolonged mechanical ventilation, sedation and supine positioning. Educational strategies have also been implemented to prevent VAP.