Perspectiva de usuarios con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y/o Hipertensión y equipos de salud sobre adherencia alimentaria nutricional y sus transformaciones durante el COVID 19 en Misiones, 2022.
Perspectiva de usuarios con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y/o Hipertensión y equipos de salud sobre adherencia alimentaria nutricional y sus transformaciones durante el COVID 19 en Misiones, 2022.
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.65424141023
-
Palavras-chave: Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento; dieta; enfermedad crónica; COVID-19; adultos; Misiones
-
Keywords: treatment adherence and compliance; diet; chronic disease; COVID-19; adults; Misiones
-
Abstract: Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) and Arterial Hypertension (AHT) are highly prevalent noncommunicable diseases that, once diagnosed, require the achievement of therapeutic adherence. This implies shared responsibility between the health care team (EqS) and the users (U) for the self-management of the chronic condition, with adherence to dietary recommendations being central. Objective: since adherence to dietary recommendations is low, we sought to characterize it in the public sector of the city of Posadas, Misiones, including its transformations in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods: Qualitative descriptive study. Purposive and convenience sampling, selecting users with a diagnosis of DM 2 and/or HT and members of EqS. A survey designed by the investigators was administered to a group of U patients. In another group, semi-structured interviews were carried out, based on an interview guide, a questionnaire on frequency of consumption, and a review of selected indicators from medical records. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with EqS. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. ATLAS. ti 6 and PSPP XX software were used for the analysis. The project was approved by the Provincial Research Ethics Committee. Results: 15 interviews were conducted with EqS and 10 with U, together with 89 surveys. The U emphasize that dietary recommendations are given in a generic, non-consensual way, mainly by medical professionals. The EqS point out the lack of continuity of treatment, especially in men, which worsened during the pandemic. Approaches are individual, without group instances, and consultation time is scarce. High-cost recommended foods, together with food environments where foods of low nutritional quality abound, were pointed out as barriers. While sharing food with a person with the same chronic condition, as well as knowing what to eat and how to prepare it were indicated as facilitators. Conclusions: Adherence to dietary care is poor, and worsened during the pandemic. Ongoing EqS training, supportive group strategies, and monitoring of food environments could be strategies to improve adherence to food care.
- María Florencia Orlando
- Sergio Gabriel Viudes
- Enrique Jorge Deschutter