PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO E CLÍNICO DA TUBERCULOSE EM UM HOSPITAL DE REFERÊNCIA EM ALAGOAS, BRASIL, 2021
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO E CLÍNICO DA TUBERCULOSE EM UM HOSPITAL DE REFERÊNCIA EM ALAGOAS, BRASIL, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.021132616049
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Palavras-chave: Tuberculose; Epidemiologia; Saúde Pública; Hospitais de Referência; Estudos Retrospectivos.
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Keywords: Tuberculosis; Epidemiology; Public health; Reference Hospitals; Retrospective Studies.
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Abstract: Tuberculosis remains a significant global public health problem, strongly associated with social and economic determinants and conditions of vulnerability that influence its occurrence and distribution in the population. Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis treated at a public referral hospital in Alagoas, Brazil, in 2021. Methods: An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted at a public referral hospital located in Maceió, Alagoas. 162 patient records published for tuberculosis between January and December 2021 were analyzed. Sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, laboratory, therapeutic, and developmental variables were investigated. Incomplete, illegible, or records of patients under regular follow-up were excluded. Data were collected between October and December 2024 and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: The study observed a predominance of adults aged 18 to 64 years (86.5%), male (75.3%), and self-declared mixed race (93.2%). The majority had low levels of education, with incomplete primary education (55.5%), and were predominantly single (72.8%), independent (31.5%), or unemployed (21.6%). Pulmonary disease was the most frequent form (82.7%), with less occurrence of extrapulmonary forms. Among comorbidities, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (25.9%), diabetes mellitus (14.8%), and human immunodeficiency virus infection (4.3%) stood out. The most common behavioral habits were alcohol consumption (43.2%) and smoking (33.9%). The most frequently used therapeutic regimen was rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, with discharge due to clinical improvement in 81.5% of cases, although a significant mortality rate (16.7%) was observed. Final considerations: The profile identified evidence of a higher occurrence of tuberculosis in adult males living in socially vulnerable contexts. The high frequency of comorbidities and risk habits, associated with the occurrence of deaths, reinforces the need to strengthen epidemiological surveillance, early diagnosis, and therapeutic follow-up actions, focusing on civilian populations and comprehensive care.
- Sabrina Farias da Silva Omena
- Ana Letícia Cecília da Silva Souza
- Julya Thereza dos Santos Paixão
- Yhasmin Santos Silva
- Josemir de Almeida Lima
- GEORGIA MARIA RICARDO FELIX DOS SANTOS
- Geórgia Maria Ricardo Félix dos Santos