Pequenas Cidades da Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte Paulista: Contribuições das Soluções Baseadas na Natureza e Desafios para a Universalização dos Serviços de Esgotamento Sanitário

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8002427123

• Palavras-chave: soluções baseadas na natureza; serviços de esgotamento sanitário; Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte; pequenas cidades

• Keywords: nature-based solutions; sanitation services; Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba and Northern Coast; small cities

• Abstract: Considering the difficulties in universalizing sanitation services in Brazil, especially in small cities where the challenges are even greater, this study aims to present decentralized individual sanitation systems as alternatives to contribute to the solution of the lack of basic sanitation. As a focus the contributions and advantages of implementing Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) for sanitation in small cities within the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba and the Northern Coast of São Paulo (RMVPLN), where conventional systems are often unfeasible. Such solutions can meet sanitation needs sustainably, utilizing natural processes and local technological resources, while respecting ecological cycles and promoting environmental, social, and economic benefits. We adopted a Critical Analysis approach, based on a literature review of works and studies related to the field. Studies by Funasa (2015), Tonetti et al. (2018), and Vieira (2020) present NBS as individual and decentralized sanitation solutions. This approach allows for the identification of patterns, benefits, and limitations of these solutions. This study contributes to understanding the relevance of these alternatives in promoting health, mitigating social inequalities, and ensuring sustainable sanitation