PENSAMENTOS QUE ECOAM: COMO A FILOSOFIA ASSIMILA E REINVENTA IDEIAS
PENSAMENTOS QUE ECOAM: COMO A FILOSOFIA ASSIMILA E REINVENTA IDEIAS
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.750112524031
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Palavras-chave: Filosofia antiga; Helenismo; Escolástica; Neoplatonismo; Traduções árabes; Síntese filosófica; Intercâmbio intelectual
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Keywords: Ancient philosophy; Hellenism; Scholasticism; Neoplatonism; Arabic translations; Philosophical synthesis; Intellectual exchange
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Abstract: This essay investigates the historical dynamics of philosophy, focusing on the assimilation and reworking of ideas across different philosophical systems, particularly in Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The analysis begins with the Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle, who incorporated concepts from earlier thinkers such as Pythagoras and Heraclitus into their own theories. The Hellenistic period is examined as a moment of philosophical synthesis, where eclecticism and skepticism emerged as influential currents, fostering dialogue among different traditions. Medieval scholasticism is highlighted for its integration of classical philosophy with Christian theology, while the role of Arab scholars in preserving and transmitting Greek thought to medieval Europe is emphasized. Neoplatonism, both in the Islamic and Christian worlds, is presented as a bridge between ancient and medieval philosophy, profoundly influencing Western thought. The essay also addresses the significance of the translations of Arabic philosophical texts into Latin, which enabled the rediscovery of Aristotle and Plato in Europe, shaping scholasticism and the Renaissance. It concludes that the evolution of philosophy is a cumulative process, dependent on the critical interaction and synthesis of ideas from diverse intellectual traditions.
- Marco Machado