PARÂMETROS DEMOGRÁFICOS E DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA NA RAÇA SUÍNA PORTUGUESA MALHADO DE ALCOBAÇA
PARÂMETROS DEMOGRÁFICOS E DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA NA RAÇA SUÍNA PORTUGUESA MALHADO DE ALCOBAÇA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.0732410071
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Palavras-chave: Ancestrais, Fundadores, Intervalo de gerações, Consanguinidade, Suíno.
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Keywords: Ancestors, Founders, Generation intervals, Inbreeding, Swine.
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Abstract: The Malhado de Alcobaça (MA) pig, from Alcobaça region, being an autochthonous Portuguese swine breed, is found predominantly in the central-western region of Portugal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the demographics and genetic diversity of the MA pig population using pedigree information. The analyzes included a total of 7,872 animals born between 1985 and 2019. The completeness of the pedigree is quite high, where 99.9% of animals born between 2000 and 2017 have known parents. The estimated generation interval was 2.51 years, and the effective population size was 50.94 animals. Animals born in 2017 showed an average inbreeding of 14.0%. The effective number of founders (fe) and ancestors (fa) was 13.70 and 12.64 animals, respectively, with just 5 ancestors explaining 50% of the genetic variability of the current population. The greatest risks of loss of genetic diversity in the MA breed result from a sharp increase in the inbreeding coefficient over the years and the use of a reduced number of more common sows and boars from the breeding stock. Despite some stability observed in recent years, the MA breed association needs to implement measures to increase the number of active breeders, increase the number of breeding stock and support the genetic preservation plans of the population, to preserve the existing scarce genetic diversity in the Malhado de Alcobaça pig breed.
- António Pedro Andrade Vicente
- Ricardo António da Silva Faria
- Telma Sofia Almeida Tavares
- Helena Catarina Vaz Ferreira
- José Pedro Pestana Fragoso Almeida
- João Carlos de Oliveira Bastos
- Nuno Carolino