PANORAMA EPIDEMIOLÓGICO, MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS E MÉTODOS DE DIAGNÓSTICOS E TERAPÊUTICOS DAS HEMOPARASITOSES CANINAS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
PANORAMA EPIDEMIOLÓGICO, MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS E MÉTODOS DE DIAGNÓSTICOS E TERAPÊUTICOS DAS HEMOPARASITOSES CANINAS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.4872507035
Palavras-chave: Canino, doença do carrapato, doxiciclina, tratamento
Keywords: Canine, tick-borne diseases, doxycycline, treatment
Abstract: Hemoparasitic diseases are of great importance in small animal practice due to their difficult control and easy transmission. These diseases are caused by different types of protozoa transmitted by the bite of the brown tick Rhipicephalus linnaei, with Erlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Hepatozoon spp. being the most common. Their clinical manifestations are nonspecific and can range from asymptomatic to signs such as apathy, loss of appetite, weight loss, hemorrhages, lymphadenopathy, petechiae, epistaxis, among others. Diagnosis is based on the patient's history and complementary tests, such as blood smears and/or rapid tests, as well as hemogram values, mainly showing anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis. The epidemiology of canine hemoparasitoses is largely influenced by the presence of ectoparasites, particularly ticks, which are responsible for transmitting the pathogenic agents. Treatment of these diseases varies according to the etiological agent, with doxycycline frequently used to combat Erlichia and Anaplasma, while specific therapies such as imidocarb are indicated for Babesia infections. Therapeutic management must be closely monitored to prevent possible complications, such as drug resistance and adverse drug effects. The literature emphasizes the importance of tick control, which is essential in the prevention of these infections. Additionally, the use of multiple diagnostic tests is recommended to increase the accuracy in identifying the agents responsible for hemoparasitoses, as some protozoa may not be detected by specific methods.
- Miriã Mamede Noronha de Souza
- Iany Candeia Antunes
- Mateus Marques do Nascimento
- Arthur Masaharu da Nóbrega Batista
- , Gabriela Cristina de Oliveira Gouveia
- Thiago da Silva Brandão