Os Desafios e as Limitações dos Lares de Idosos Tradicionais: O Modelo Centrado na Pessoa
Os Desafios e as Limitações dos Lares de Idosos Tradicionais: O Modelo Centrado na Pessoa
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.253152513105
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Palavras-chave: Envelhecimento; Lares de idosos; Cuidados centrados na pessoa; Autonomia; Qualidade de vida.
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Keywords: Aging; Nursing homes; Person-centered care; Autonomy; Quality of life.
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Abstract: Population aging poses a growing challenge for public policies and social institutions, particularly in Portugal, a country with a high percentage of elderly people. Traditionally, nursing homes—Residential Structures for the Elderly (ERPI)—operate according to a hierarchical and standardized model, focused on safety and routine, but which limits the autonomy, participation, and subjective well-being of residents. This qualitative study adopted a case study approach in a private social solidarity institution (IPSS) in Northern Portugal, analyzing the transition from the traditional model to a person-centered paradigm, based on the individuality, autonomy, and dignity of the elderly. Data collection included participant observation, document analysis, and field notes, ensuring triangulation and reflexivity. The implementation of the new model involved personalized care, more flexible routines, family involvement, transdisciplinary intervention, and the humanization of spaces. The results showed significant gains in the well-being, autonomy, and participation of residents, in the cohesion and motivation of the teams, and in the institutional reputation. It is concluded that the adoption of person- centered practices represents an ethical, cultural, and organizational change, promoting active and dignified aging, and suggesting the need for public policies that encourage social innovation in the senior sector
- Bruno Santos