OS BIOMATERIAIS NO REPARO ÓSSEO EM ODONTOLOGIA
OS BIOMATERIAIS NO REPARO ÓSSEO EM ODONTOLOGIA
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DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.2562211113
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Palavras-chave: Endodontia; Implantação Dentária, Materiais Biocompatíveis; Regeneração Óssea, periodontia
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Keywords: Endodontics, Dental Implantation, Biocompatible Materials; Bone Regeneration; Periodontics.
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Abstract:
In the dental clinic, biomaterials are used to assist in the process of bone repair and healing of surgical or clinical procedures. Biomaterials may have autogenous origin, when they are obtained and used in the same individual; homogenous, when it comes from another individual of the same species; heterogenous, when it comes from an individual of a different species; or synthetics (alloplastics) that are metallic, ceramic or plastic in nature. Biomaterials have several applications in different areas of dentistry, such as surgery in general, endodontics, implantology and periodontics, this is possible because they are biocompatible and present a good percentage of success and acceptability by the human body. Among the autogenous biomaterials, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used because it promotes rapid healing. As a heterogenous biomaterial, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) have been used to induce bone formation. In relation to biomaterials of synthetic origin, there are several types, such as: a) MTA, which has shown higher success rates than calcium hydroxide in direct pulp capping; b) zirconium dioxide ceramics, which, despite having advantages in biocompatibility, present greater fragility of the structure in relation to titanium used in implants; c) absorbable membranes, which are used in periodontal regeneration, as a barrier against infection and as a mechanism for drug delivery. However, there is still a need for several studies regarding the use of certain biomaterials such as those based on magnesium and nanostructured ones. Given the importance and variability of biomaterials, knowledge about the composition, applicability and biocompatibility of these materials is important for them to be successfully chosen and used in dental procedures. In this context, the present review is intended to address some biomaterials used in dentistry, especially in the specialties of surgery, endodontics, implantology and periodontics.
- Cleisla Caroline Maria Reis
- Jonathas Luiz Alves Zica
- Juliana Barbosa de Faria
- Taíssa Cássia de Souza Furtado
- Carlos Paulino dos Santos Júnior
- Rodrigo César Rosa
- Sanivia Aparecida de Lima Pereira