Obesidade no Brasil: desafios sociais, econômicos e de saúde pública

• Palavras-chave: Obesidade, Fatores Socioeconômicos, Desigualdade Social, Determinantes Sociais da Saúde, Sobrepeso.

• Keywords: Obesity, Socioeconomic Factors, Social Inequality, Social Determinants of Health, Overweight.

• Abstract: Objective: To analyze the impact of socioeconomic factors on the prevalence of obesity in the Brazilian population. Literature Review: Obesity, defined as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30.0 kg/m² or higher, is a chronic disease that affects millions of people globally. In Brazil, the prevalence of obesity is strongly linked to socioeconomic factors. Individuals with low income, lower education levels, and Black women are disproportionately affected. The obesogenic environment, characterized by a lack of access to healthy foods and adequate infrastructure for physical activities, contributes to rising obesity rates. Additionally, the consumption of ultraprocessed foods and poor working conditions intensify this situation, especially in less developed regions such as the North and Northeast. Final Considerations: Socioeconomic factors play a fundamental role in the development of obesity in Brazil, highlighting the urgent need for public policies that promote equity in access to healthy foods and environments conducive to physical activity. The creation of prevention and treatment programs targeted at vulnerable populations is essential to curb the rise of obesity in the country.