O PAPEL DA SALIVA DOS FLEBOTOMÍNEOS DO GÊNERO Lutzomyia NA MODULAÇÃO DA RESPOSTA IMUNE E INFECÇÃO POR Leishmania
O PAPEL DA SALIVA DOS FLEBOTOMÍNEOS DO GÊNERO Lutzomyia NA MODULAÇÃO DA RESPOSTA IMUNE E INFECÇÃO POR Leishmania
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.6411325230511
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Palavras-chave: Leishmaniose, Flebotomíneos, Resposta Imune, Saliva, Imunização
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Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Sand flies, Immune response, Saliva, Immunization
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Abstract: Leishmaniasis is an infectious infection caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sandflies, popularly known as “sandflies”. In Brazil, it is currently considered an endemic area, where the main species present are Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia whitmani, responsible for being vectors of the visceral and tegumentary forms of the disease. The saliva of this insect vector contains pharmacologically bioactive substances that influence the modulation of the host's immune response, favoring infection by the parasite. The objective of this study is to summarize and discuss recent advances in knowledge about the role of saliva from phlebotomine sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia in the inflammatory processes of the host and its influence on the success of Leishmania infection. The methodology consists of an integrative review, with the selection of articles published in the last ten years in scientific databases such as PubMed and BVS. The results indicated that the salivary proteins maxadilan, LJM11 and LJL143, have immunomodulatory effects that may favor infection and may be explored for the development of immunizers, through recombinant proteins. This is a vaccine strategy based on the saliva of sand flies and has demonstrated potential for reducing the parasite load. Despite the advances, there are still challenges, such as the variability between sand fly species and the need for clinical trials in humans. The study highlights the potential of vector saliva as a new way to control leishmaniasis, contributing to the development of vaccine strategies against the parasite.
- Júlia Gatti Ladeia Costa
- Rayan Expedito Silva