O IMPACTO DA OBESIDADE NO METABOLISMO DOS HORMÔNIOS TIREOIDIANOS EM MULHERES COM OBESIDADE: RELAÇÕES METABÓLICAS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
O IMPACTO DA OBESIDADE NO METABOLISMO DOS HORMÔNIOS TIREOIDIANOS EM MULHERES COM OBESIDADE: RELAÇÕES METABÓLICAS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.531112505037
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Palavras-chave: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Hormônios Tireoidianos; Obesidade
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Keywords: Primary Health Care; Thyroid Hormones; Obesity
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Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Investigate scientific evidence on the influence of obesity mechanisms on thyroid hormone metabolism and discuss strategies to reduce the impact of these diseases on the public health system. METHODS: This is a narrative review based on the literature, with a qualitative approach, of a basic nature and with a descriptive and explanatory objective, carried out in the following databases: Pubmed, Scielo and LILACS, in Portuguese and English, without time restriction, including the descriptors ‘Thyroid’ AND ‘Obesity’ linked by the Boolean operator AND. Inclusion criteria were case-control studies, cross-sectional population studies, experimental studies, cross-sectional observational studies, comparative studies, reviews, guidelines and books demonstrating technical knowledge about obesity and thyroid hormones. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: It was found that obesity in Brazil has a high prevalence rate among adults (24.8%), with a higher prevalence among women. Public health policies aimed at the diet of Brazilians and the fight against obesity, although in force, are still poorly implemented and publicised. This disease is associated with changes in thyroid hormones, with increased concentrations of TSH and T3 correlating positively with markers of adiposity. Hyperleptinaemia, present in obesity, plays an important role in thermogenesis, stimulating the conversion of T4 into T3. However, the reduced expression of T3 receptors in adipocytes compromises the effectiveness of this hormone. In addition, chronic low-grade inflammation, characteristic of obesity, interferes with the activity of deiodinases, enzymes responsible for the activation and inactivation of thyroid hormones, impairing thermogenesis and lipolysis. CONCLUSION: Chronic low-grade inflammation, metabolic stress and hyperleptinaemia may be responsible for preventing the thermogenic response of the body with obesity under the synthesis of thyroid hormones. In view of this, it should be emphasised that public policies aimed at combating obesity are an effective intervention and therefore require monitoring to ensure that their actions are carried out in the exercise of caring for the population, especially women with obesity, in Primary Health Care.
- Sarah Ângelo Diniz Melo
- Thayanne Gabryelle Visgueira de Sousa
- Bianca Mickaela Santos Chaves
- Emyle Horrana Serafim de Oliveira
- Tamires da Cunha Soares
- Isabella Pereira Rodrigues Fonseca
- Gisele Rocha da Silva
- Paulo César Rodrigues Damacena
- Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro