O Idoso e a Institucionalização: O Fenómeno da Solidão e Abandono
O Idoso e a Institucionalização: O Fenómeno da Solidão e Abandono
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.9161125180310
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Palavras-chave: Institucionalização; Solidão; Abandono; Idoso; Revisão de literatura
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Keywords: Institutionalization; Loneliness; Abandonment; Elderly; Literature review
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Abstract: Sharp demographic aging has led to an increase in the institutionalization of older adults, a reality that, while necessary in many cases, is recurrently associated with loneliness and abandonment. This article presents a literature review that analyzed national and international studies on the factors that lead to institutionalization, as well as the consequences of this reality on the physical and mental health of older adults. The results of the review indicate that institutionalization is often motivated by changes in family dynamics, the inability of support networks to respond to situations of dependency, and limited community resources. However, living in institutions tends to exacerbate the rupture of emotional and social bonds, fostering feelings of loss of identity, isolation, and devaluation. Loneliness and abandonment thus emerge as central experiences in the daily life of institutions, with significant negative repercussions. In the health field, the review shows that prolonged loneliness is associated with an increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and suicide risk. Physically, it is associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline, and increased vulnerability to dementia, constituting social determinants of health. The review also highlights the importance of multicomponent interventions that integrate socialization programs, family involvement, and caregiver training. Such strategies prove crucial to transforming institutionalization into a space not only for physical care, but also for inclusion, belonging, and dignity in aging.
- Bruno Santos