NOVOS BIOMARCADORES PARA SEPSE E DISFUNÇÃO ORGÂNICA MÚLTIPLA

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.156132516046

• Palavras-chave: Sepse; Biomarcadores; Disfunção orgânica múltipla; Terapia Intensiva.

• Keywords: Sepsis; Biomarkers; Multiple organ dysfunction; Intensive care.

• Abstract: Sepsis is a complex and potentially fatal systemic inflammatory syndrome, often associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), and is one of the leading causes of mortality in intensive care units. Early diagnosis of sepsis remains a significant challenge due to its heterogeneous clinical presentation and the rapid, unpredictable progression of the condition. In this context, biomarkers have emerged as promising tools, capable of providing valuable information about the patient’s inflammatory and infectious status, enabling faster and more assertive interventions. The aim of this study is to analyze recent advances in the use of biomarkers for early detection of sepsis and assessment of multiple organ dysfunction. An integrative literature review was conducted through searches in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and the Cochrane Library, selecting articles published in the last ten years that address relevant biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring of sepsis. The main biomarkers identified were procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukins such as IL-6 and IL-10, presepsin, and lactic acid. These markers demonstrated potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, and monitoring of therapeutic response, especially when used in combination. Additionally, genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolic biomarkers are being investigated as innovative alternatives aimed at providing a more personalized and precise approach to the management of septic patients. It is concluded that the incorporation of new biomarkers into clinical practice may represent a significant advancement in the care of critically ill patients, contributing to the reduction of mortality and morbidity associated with sepsis and MOD, especially when integrated into well-structured clinical protocols and decision-support tools.