MICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND BIOPROSPECTION: TRENDS AND CHALLENGES

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.8062420065

• Palavras-chave: Resistência microbiana, Biodiversidade, Antimicrobianos, Bioprospecção, Sustentabilidade.

• Keywords: Microbial resistance, Biodiversity, Antimicrobials, Bioprospecting, Sustainability.

• Abstract: This article analyzes the interrelationship between microbial resistance and the sustainable use of biodiversity, exploring its implications for global health and environmental conservation. Initially, the crucial role of antimicrobials in modern medicine is highlighted, while highlighting the emerging challenges associated with bacterial resistance. Antibiotic resistance is examined from the perspective of intrinsic and acquired mechanisms, including horizontal gene transfer between bacteria. On the other hand, the article explores the richness of biodiversity, especially in the Brazilian context, and its importance for biotechnological research. Initiatives such as BIOTA-FAPESP and the SISBIOTA Program are highlighted as examples of integrated approaches to mapping and conserving biological diversity, while promoting sustainable socioeconomic development. Furthermore, bioprospecting is presented as a promising strategy for discovering new therapeutic agents in natural organisms. The potential of Brazilian biodiversity as a source of new medicines is emphasized, highlighting the need for conservation approaches that balance economic exploitation with environmental preservation. Finally, the article argues that biodiversity conservation can play a crucial role in combating microbial resistance, offering therapeutic alternatives and reducing dependence on conventional antimicrobials. This integrated approach highlights the importance of collaboration between scientists, policymakers and local communities in the search for sustainable solutions to global health and environmental challenges.