Métodos de purificación y sus efectos en las propiedades fisicoquímicas en el aceite vegetal usado para la elaboración de jabón líquido
Métodos de purificación y sus efectos en las propiedades fisicoquímicas en el aceite vegetal usado para la elaboración de jabón líquido
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.2412502043
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Palavras-chave: Aceite vegetal usado, purificación de aceite, propiedades fisicoquímicas, sostenibilidad, jabón líquido.
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Keywords: Used vegetable oil, oil purification, physicochemical properties, sustainability, liquid soap.
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Abstract: Improper handling of used vegetable oil (AVU) generates negative impacts on the environment, which is why its purification and reuse are presented as sustainable alternatives. This study evaluated the effect of a purification process on the physicochemical properties of the AVU collected in Ilo, Moquegua, between the months of September and November 2024, using a sample of five collection points. The process included filtration, treatment with 5% brine, and bleaching with 5% hydrogen peroxide. Acidity, peroxide and humidity indices were measured before and after treatment. The results indicated a significant reduction in the peroxide index (40,78 ± 4,45 to 34,45 ± 3,70 meq O₂/kg, p < 0,05) and in humidity (0,88% ± 0,22% to 0,55% ± 0,18%, p < 0,05), while the acidity index did not show relevant changes (1,21% ± 0,18% versus 1,24% ± 0,20%). The liquid soaps made with the purified oil showed improvements in pH, alkalinity and foam level depending on the proportions of used and olive oil. These results support the viability of the purification method as a sustainable strategy to reuse AVU in the production of ecological liquid soaps, promoting the circular economy and environmental protection.
- Rosalia Calizaya Chipana
- Alberto Bacilio Quispe Cohaila
- Mario Ruiz Choque
- Edward Paul Sueros Ticona