Interação droga-nutriente em pacientes hospitalizados em terapia nutricional enteral: aprendizados a partir de um programa de residência

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.479142606018

• Palavras-chave: interação droga-nutriente; terapia nutricional enteral; residência multiprofissional; segurança do paciente; farmacoterapia

• Keywords: drug–nutrient interaction; enteral nutrition therapy; multiprofessional residency; patient safety; pharmacotherapy.

• Abstract: Drug–nutrient interaction is a central issue for patient safety in enteral nutrition therapy (ENT), especially in hospital settings marked by polypharmacy, use of feeding tubes, and high clinical complexity. This chapter aims to discuss, in light of current literature and an experience developed within a multiprofessional residency program, what clinical practice reveals about the risks, weaknesses, and possibilities for intervention in the concomitant administration of medications and enteral nutrition. The text was based on a retrospective study conducted with 159 adult patients receiving ENT in a teaching hospital, in which a predominance of older adults, greater use of nasoenteric tubes, a high frequency of gastrointestinal disorders, and a substantial number of potential drug–nutrient interactions were observed. Diarrhea was the most frequent disorder, and there was a statistically significant association with piperacillin/tazobactam, furosemide, and phenobarbital. The analysis of these findings together with regulatory documents and recent reviews reinforces that residency training constitutes a privileged setting for identifying process failures, improving protocols, and strengthening the work of the multiprofessional team. It is concluded that the safe management of medication administration in patients receiving ENT requires standardized procedures, individualized evaluation of pharmacotherapy, and systematic monitoring of signs of gastrointestinal intolerance and loss of therapeutic effectiveness.