Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda (ICA): fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.0042417079

• Palavras-chave: Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda; Saúde Pública; Fisiopatologia; Tratamento

• Keywords: Acute Heart Failure; Public health; Pathophysiology; Treatment

• Abstract: Acute heart failure (AHF) is a clinical condition characterized by a rapid deterioration in cardiac function, resulting in symptoms such as dyspnea and edema due to systemic and pulmonary congestion. This study aims to analyze the pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapeutic management of AHF through an integrative and descriptive review of the literature. The research was carried out using specialized manuals and scientific articles found in the Google Scholar, VHL and SciELO databases, with specific inclusion criteria. 14 articles that met the study objectives were analyzed. The findings highlight that AHF develops from myocardial injuries, activating compensatory mechanisms such as the SNS and RAAS, which, in the long term, contribute to the progression of the disease. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs, laboratory and imaging tests, while therapeutic management involves pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to stabilize the patient and prevent recurrences. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of AHF, from its pathophysiology to its therapeutic options, is essential for effective patient care and reducing the impact of this condition on public health.