IMPLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS DA MUTAÇÃO NO GENE PTEN: RELATO DE CASO
IMPLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS DA MUTAÇÃO NO GENE PTEN: RELATO DE CASO
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.7552617048
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Palavras-chave: Aconselhamento genético 1. Mutação germinativa 2. Neoplasias hereditárias 3. Oncogenética 4. PTEN 5. Síndrome de Cowden 6.
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Keywords: Genetic counseling 1. Germline mutation 2. Hereditary neoplasms 3. Oncogenetics 4. PTEN 5. Cowden Syndrome 6.
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Abstract: Introduction: Cowden syndrome is a rare genetic condition with autosomal dominant inheritance, associated with pathogenic mutations in the PTEN gene and characterized by a markedly increased risk of neoplasms, particularly of the breast, thyroid, and endometrium. Case report: A 30-year-old male patient presented with benign mucocutaneous lesions and multiple intestinal hamartomas, in addition to a significant family history of cancer. Diagnostic investigation identified follicular thyroid carcinoma and confirmed the presence of a pathogenic PTEN mutation. Results: Risk estimation tools demonstrated a significantly increased probability of cancer development, notably thyroid cancer (14%), renal cancer (>39%), and melanoma (>10%). Discussion: PTEN dysfunction compromises cell cycle regulation, promoting tumor proliferation. These findings underscore the need for intensive surveillance, a multidisciplinary management approach, and comprehensive genetic counseling for affected individuals and their families. Conclusion: The integration of molecular diagnosis, structured surveillance, and genetic counseling is essential to reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality associated with Cowden syndrome.
- Pedro Ivo Spagnol
- Isabelle Karoline Costa Fernandes Cardoso
- Thiago Caprini Cremonini
- Gabriel Augusto Ottoni Soares
- Taissa dos Santos Uchiya
- Matheus Correia Casotti
- Iúri Drumond Louro
- Débora Dummer Meira