IMPACTOS ECONÔMICOS E AMBIENTAIS DO COMÉRCIO EXTERIOR DO BRASIL
IMPACTOS ECONÔMICOS E AMBIENTAIS DO COMÉRCIO EXTERIOR DO BRASIL
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.268152524019
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Palavras-chave: água virtual; recursos hídricos; pegada de carbono; comércio internacional.
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Keywords: virtual water; water resources; carbon footprint; international trade.
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Abstract: The article aimed to estimate the economic and environmental impacts of Brazil's international trade. The methodology was based on the multiregional input-output matrix, which allows estimating the impacts of trade on employment, income, greenhouse gases, and blue water consumption. The results showed that Brazil's exports in 2020 generated 209 billion dollars in value added and about 15 million jobs, values that represented about 15% of the Brazilian economy. The effects of Brazilian imports on other countries totaled US$184 billion in value added and 7.2 million jobs. The estimated environmental costs were the net export of about 5.2 billion cubic meters of blue water (exports of 7.4 minus 2.2 imported) and generation of 418 Gigatons of CO2eq by exports, with imports generating 137 Gigatons of CO2eq in the rest of the world. Increasing the value added in Brazilian exports through industrialization can increase economic benefits. The reduction of environmental impacts can be obtained by the development of technologies that increase the efficiency of water use and mitigation of emissions, contributing to greater sustainability and competitiveness in the future.
- João Vitor Guimarães Ribeiro
- Umberto Antonio Sesso Filho
- Ricardo Luís Lopes
- Carlos Alberto Gonçalves Junior
- Patrícia Pompermayer Sesso
- Emerson Guzzi Zuan Esteves