HANSENÍASE

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.3742516013

• Palavras-chave: Mycobacterium leprae; hanseníase; Hanseníase Multibacilar; Hanseníase Paucibacilar; Hanseníase Virchowiana.

• Keywords: Mycobacterium leprae; leprosy; Leprosy, Multibacillary; Leprosy, Paucibacillary; Leprosy, Lepromatous.

• Abstract: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, primarily affecting the skin and peripheral nerves. This descriptive study, based on a literature review, aimed to expand knowledge about the disease, addressing its causes, symptoms, transmission, prevention, and social impact. The research utilized academic and official materials to explore the topic. The findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment, which includes specific multidrug therapy. Lack of awareness and social stigma still hinder access to treatment, perpetuating psychological suffering and social exclusion for patients. Discussions emphasize the need for educational campaigns to raise awareness among the population and healthcare professionals. It is concluded that awareness and education are essential to reduce the incidence of leprosy, prevent severe sequelae, and promote a more inclusive and informed society. Future studies may further develop control and rehabilitation strategies.