EXTRAVASAMENTO DO MEIO DE CONTRASTE E SEU PADRÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO: UM ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO
EXTRAVASAMENTO DO MEIO DE CONTRASTE E SEU PADRÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO: UM ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO
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DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1122309112
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Palavras-chave: extravasamento de contraste; fator de risco para EMC; contraste iodado; contraste gadolínio; exames de imagem
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Keywords: contrast extravasation; risk factors for CMEV; iodinated contrast; gadolinium contrast; imaging exams
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Abstract: Contrast media extravasation (CMEV) refers to the leakage of intravenously-administered contrast into surrounding soft tissues, potentially causing injury or tissue destruction. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors for this event, the conducts and the post-event evolution. An epidemiological study of CMEV cases and their evolution was conducted in a public health unit in Goiás, Brazil. The parameterization forms of indicators were evaluated, performed every month by the hospital health team, in the period between 02/01/2022 and 12/31/2022, in which there is a description of the number of contrast-enhanced exams, the number of CMEV and the profile of patients affected. A total of 4078 contrast-enhanced examinations were performed, of which 1646 were Computed Tomography (CT) with administration of low osmolality and non-ionic iodinated contrast (Ioexol) and 2432 Magnetic Resonances (MRI) with the administration of linear and non-ionic gadolinium contrast (gadodiamida). There were twelve CMEV on CT and one on MRI (0.3% of the exams performed). Of these thirteen patients, twelve had at least one risk factor for CMEV. The risks were related to the patient: age over 60 years (30,7%), hospitalized patients (23%), female sex (46,1%) and general pathologies (69,2%), especially difficult-to-control systemic arterial hypertension, stroke, Crohn’s disease, oncological disease, Fahr’s disease and deep venous thrombosis. The risk factor for CME directly related to the technique was an automatic injection of contrast medium in 100% of CT cases. The case of the only patient with no known risk factors for CMEV encouraged the training of the entire health team involved. The cases were followed without any report of unfavorable evolution. Knowing the prevalence and nature of CMEV cases allows the evaluation of the institutional epidemiological profile, in addition to train the health team.
- Renan Machado Martins
- Itylla Nayara Ribeiro Freire
- Isabela de Freitas Dias
- Débora Goerck
- Brainner Vinnicius Campos Barbosa
- Felipe Andrade de Paula
- Gilliard Martins de Oliveira
- Thiago Oliveira Costa
- Daniela Pereira Azevedo