Eventos extremos na zona costeira: consequências sobre a dinâmica sedimentar no trecho sul do litoral de São Paulo

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.10524070210

• Palavras-chave: manguezal, processos erosivos, mudanças climáticas

• Keywords: mangrove, erosion processes, climate change

• Abstract: Climate change has promoted greater frequency and intensity of extreme events, increasing the vulnerability of human populations, especially along coastal zones. Erosive processes can be considered a global phenomenon that have affected most of the coastal zones in Brazil and in the world. This chapter presents a case study on the South Coast of São Paulo and North of Paraná with the sedimentary dynamics (erosive and depositional processes) leading to environmental and social changes. The opening of a Nova Barra in the Ararapira Sea (São Paulo - Paraná) occurred in 2018, due to the rupture of a spur that separates the estuary from the ocean, during an event of high wave energy and tidal erosion. We present the consequences of erosion processes acting on mangroves with unpublished data. The opening of Nova Barra led to the closure of Barra de Ararapira (Barra Velha), where new mangrove areas were formed. Extreme weather events have been recorded, intensely affecting coastal human communities in the country. Healthy coastal ecosystems, such as hillside forests, mangroves and restingas, are important tools to mitigate the effects caused by climate change, as they absorb about 30% of excess atmospheric carbon. Woods and forests on slopes and watersheds, especially in areas most subject to intense storms, should be the focus of restoration projects.