ESTUDIO DE LA CAPACIDAD DE PRODUCCIÓN DE SIDERÓFOROS EN CEPAS AISLADAS DESDE SUELO AGRÍCOLA PARA SU APLICACIÓN COMO BIOINSUMO
ESTUDIO DE LA CAPACIDAD DE PRODUCCIÓN DE SIDERÓFOROS EN CEPAS AISLADAS DESDE SUELO AGRÍCOLA PARA SU APLICACIÓN COMO BIOINSUMO
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.9662430047
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Palavras-chave: sideróforo, catecolato, hidroxamato, microorganismos, bioinsumo
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Keywords: siderophore, catecholate, hydroxamate, microorganisms, bioinput
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Abstract: Iron is an essential micronutrient involved in many biochemical processes in microorganisms. Although it is quite abundant in nature, it is mostly found as the ferric ion (III), which is not soluble for plants and microorganisms, making it a nutrient that is hard to absorb. Due to this fact, many microorganisms have developed a specific mechanism for its acquisition, by producing a low molecular weight chelating agent, called “siderophore”, which they excrete into the environment and has a high affinity for iron. The plant's root also secretes siderophores to maintain the iron levels for its metabolic and physiological activities in degraded and low-iron soils. Still, many times this is not enough to reach the optimum level. According to recent studies, the use of siderophores as biofertilizers has proven to be effective in improving plant growth and nutrient absorption. Additionally, siderophores have been used for biological control against phytopathogenic fungi. It has been shown that the use of the siderophore, rhodotorulic acid, produced by pink yeasts, and the siderophore enterochelin, produced by the bacteria Kosakonia radicincitans, reduced the growth of some pathogenic fungi. In the present work, the goal was set to select from microorganisms isolated from agricultural soils, those with the capacity to produce siderophores of the hydroxamate and/or catecholate type, and then apply them in the development of a biofertilizer. The results showed that of the 94 strains tested, 38 produced hydroxamates and 20 catecholates; highlighting 12 strains that produced both types of siderophores. Therefore, 46 strains showed the production of one or both siderophores, that is, more than 43% of the total were positive for the production of these iron-chelating compounds under the test conditions. Thus, these microorganisms, through their production of siderophores, can not only provide iron to the plant, improving its growth, but also act as biological control agents; which makes them excellent candidates for the development of a bioinput.
- Viviana Edith Calvente
- Julián Berca Espinoza
- Yesica Sabrina Lambrese
- Leonardo Gastón Navarta
- María Gabriela Sansone